The term "Financial Inclusion at the Bottom of the Pyramid" (BoP) describes a market-based approach to poverty alleviation. It posits that the world's poorest populations represent a vast, untapped market that can be served profitably. The core idea is to move beyond aid and charity by creating commercially viable business models that deliver essential financial products and services (microfinance, mobile banking, micro-insurance) to low-income individuals, empowering them economically and integrating them into the formal financial system. This concept drives the mission of many non-profits, social enterprises, and specialized financial institutions worldwide.

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